1. When joining networks and subnets, what is used to connect them?

✅ Router
❌ Switch
❌ Firewall

Explanation:
Routers connect different networks and subnets.

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2. The TCP/IP application layer combines which OSI layers? (Select all)

✅ Application
❌ Internet
❌ (Not included)
✅ Session
✅ Presentation

Explanation:
The TCP/IP Application layer groups OSI layers 5, 6, and 7: Session, Presentation, Application.

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3. Cloud setup using both private and public clouds

✅ Hybrid cloud
❌ Multi-cloud
❌ Cloud of clouds
❌ Cloud

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4. VPN used to connect from home to the office network

✅ Remote
❌ Home
❌ Site-to-site

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5. SMTP, IMAP, POP3 are protocols used in:

✅ Email
❌ Web browsers
❌ Remote connectivity

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6. Best protocol for encrypted web content delivery

✅ HTTPS
❌ FTP
❌ FTPS
❌ HTTP

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7. Secure browsing uses port 80 and unsecured uses 443.

❌ True
✅ False

Explanation:
HTTPS = 443 (secure)
HTTP = 80 (unsecure)

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8. DNS is critical and vulnerable to attacks like hijacking/spoofing.

✅ True
❌ False

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9. Traffic management mechanisms are part of which suite?

❌ Network availability
✅ Quality of Service (QoS)
❌ Metric analysis

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10. findstr in Windows CMD helps filter log file searches.

✅ True
❌ False

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🧾 SUMMARY TABLE

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