1. The internet is the biggest ___

✅ WAN
❌ LAN
❌ PAN
❌ MAN

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2. IP assigns addresses so devices can communicate.

✅ True
❌ False

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3. Switch creates which topology types? (Select all)

✅ Physical star
❌ Mesh
❌ Bus
✅ Logical bus

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4. IPv4 / IPv6 lengths

✅ (a) 32, (b) 128
❌ 64 / 128
❌ 16 / 32

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5. Windows command to get IP

✅ ipconfig
❌ ipaddress
❌ netstat -a

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6. Topology in the diagram

✅ Star
❌ Mesh
❌ Ring
❌ Bus

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7. A wireless router can also act as:

❌ Server
❌ Hub
✅ Firewall

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8. On-premise setup is classified as:

✅ Private cloud
❌ Multi-cloud
❌ Public cloud
❌ Hybrid cloud

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9. Disadvantage of on-prem/private infrastructure

❌ Lower upfront costs
❌ Automatic updates
❌ Increased security risks
✅ Limited scalability

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10. Device that communicates via internet with little human interaction

❌ Printer
❌ Laptop
✅ IoT
❌ Router

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11. Missing OSI layers are:

❌ Network access layer
✅ Data link layer
✅ Presentation layer
❌ Internet layer

(OSI layers 2 and 6 were hidden.)

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12. TCP/IP layer equivalent to OSI physical + data link

✅ Network access layer
❌ Internet
❌ Transport
❌ Application

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13. Wi-Fi and Ethernet operate at the network access layer

✅ True
❌ False

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14. SIP is from port range 0–1023?

❌ True
✅ False
SIP uses ports 5060/5061, not in the well-known 0–1023 range.

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15. Command to identify protocols & sessions

❌ netstat
✅ netstat -a
❌ ipconfig
❌ ipconfig -a

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16. DNS translates names ↔ IP addresses

✅ True
❌ False

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17. Log files are records of events

✅ True
❌ False

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18. Remote access protocol that gives whole network access & encrypts traffic

✅ VPN
❌ RDP
❌ SSH

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19. Missing DHCP steps

Step 2 → DHCP Offer
Step 4 → DHCP Ack

Correct choices:
✅ Step 4: DHCP Ack
❌ Step 4: DHCP Reply
❌ Step 2: DHCP SYN
✅ Step 2: DHCP Offer

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20. Passwordless authentication options (Select all)

✅ Facial recognition
❌ Date of birth
❌ Favorite city
✅ Fingerprint scanners

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21. Minimum recommended password length

❌ 5
❌ 6
✅ 8
❌ 10

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22. Changing password after using public Wi-Fi ensures safety

❌ True
✅ False
Best practice: use VPN, avoid sensitive access.

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23. Advantages of cloud computing

❌ Compatibility
❌ Complete control
✅ Scalability
✅ Remote access

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24. Suite with Power BI, Data Lake, ML

❌ Azure Bot
❌ Azure Insights
✅ Azure Analytics

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25. How AI/ML help with business processes

❌ Create processes
✅ Automate business processes
❌ Identify processes

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26. Azure capabilities enabling rapid development (Select all)

✅ API apps
✅ Mobile apps
✅ Web apps
❌ Messaging apps

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27. XaaS where developers start immediately without OS setup

❌ IaaS
❌ SaaS
✅ PaaS

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28. Microsoft 365 represents which XaaS?

❌ PaaS
✅ SaaS
❌ IaaS

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29. XaaS where provider has the MOST responsibility

❌ PaaS
❌ NaaS
❌ IaaS
✅ SaaS

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30. Firewall type that performs deep packet inspection

❌ Packet filtering
❌ Application-layer
❌ Stateful
✅ Next-generation firewall

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🧾 SUMMARY TABLE

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