1. Question 1

In the data analyst’s ecosystem, shell and scripting languages are most commonly used for:

• ✅ Automating repetitive operational tasks

• ❌ Building apps

• ❌ Querying data

• ❌ Manipulating data

Explanation:
Shell/scripting languages (Bash, PowerShell, Python scripts) are mainly used to automate repetitive tasks, system operations, and workflows.

---

2. Question 2

Which of the following is an example of unstructured data?

• ❌ XML

• ❌ Zipped files

• ❌ Spreadsheets

• ✅ Video and audio files

Explanation:
Unstructured data includes media like audio, video, images, and text that does not follow a fixed schema.

---

3. Question 3

Which file format is independent of software, hardware, and OS, and displays identically everywhere?

• ❌ Delimited text file

• ❌ XML

• ❌ XLSX

• ✅ PDF

Explanation:
A PDF is platform-independent and looks the same on every device.

---

4. Question 4

Which data source can return data in plain text, XML, HTML, or JSON?

• ✅ API

• ❌ PDF

• ❌ Delimited text file

• ❌ XML

Explanation:
APIs can return data in multiple formats like JSON, XML, plain text, or HTML depending on endpoint and headers.

---

5. Question 5

Which language supports multiple paradigms (object-oriented, functional, procedural, imperative)?

• ✅ Python

• ❌ Unix/Linux Shell

• ❌ PowerShell

• ❌ Java

Explanation:
Python is known for supporting multiple programming paradigms, making it extremely flexible for data professionals.

---

🧾 Summary Table

---