1️⃣ Question 1

Fill in the blank:
The first stage of the ________________ is Business Understanding.

• ❌ Computer modeling methodology

• ❌ Data analysis methodology

• ❌ Data collection methodology

• ✅ Data science methodology

Explanation:
Business Understanding is the first step in the data science methodology.

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2️⃣ Question 2

What happens during the Business Understanding stage?

• ✅ Data scientists take actions to determine what business problem the organization needs to solve.

• ❌ Review a preliminary data model

• ❌ Locate data

• ❌ Select an analytical approach

Explanation:
This stage defines the real business problem, which guides the rest of the process.

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3️⃣ Question 3

Fill in the blank:
During Data Collection, data scientists apply descriptive statistics and __________.

• ❌ Unsupervised method

• ❌ Data manipulation

• ✅ Visualization

• ❌ Supervised method

Explanation:
Visualization + descriptive statistics help assess data quality early.

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4️⃣ Question 4

Data scientists use training sets for __________.

• ❌ Data Visualization

• ✅ Predictive modeling

• ❌ Descriptive modeling

• ❌ Statistical analysis

Explanation:
Training data teaches the model to make predictions.

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5️⃣ Question 5

A false-positive is what type of error?

• ❌ Type II error

• ❌ Type L error

• ❌ Type III error

• ✅ Type I error

Explanation:
False positive = rejecting a true null hypothesis = Type I error.

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6️⃣ Question 6

During Data Preparation, data scientists:

• ✅ Address missing values

• ❌ Ignore invalid values

• ❌ Organize duplicates

• ❌ Retain original formatting

Explanation:
Data preparation includes cleaning missing, invalid, and inconsistent values.

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7️⃣ Question 7

Final stages are an iterative cycle between Modeling, Evaluation, Deployment, and ___________.

• ❌ Data Understanding

• ❌ Data Preparation

• ✅ Feedback

• ❌ Analytics

Explanation:
Feedback informs new improvements and iterations.

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8️⃣ Question 8

Which describes the data science methodology?

• ✅ It does not depend on specific technologies or tools.

• ❌ Always starts with Data Understanding

• ❌ One-time process

• ❌ 12-part process

Explanation:
The methodology is conceptual and tool-agnostic.

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9️⃣ Question 9

Support Vector Machines and Neural Networks are what type of algorithms?

• ❌ Extraction

• ❌ Regression

• ✅ Classification

• ❌ Clustering

Explanation:
Both are widely used for classification tasks.

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🔟 Question 10

What role does storytelling play?

• ❌ Optional

• ❌ Helps in data collection

• ❌ Enhances visualization

• ✅ Vital for effectively communicating insights

Explanation:
Storytelling turns complex analysis into meaningful, actionable insights.

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🧾 Summary Table