Cognition :Introduction to Psychology (Introduction to Psychology) Answers 2026

Question 1

The “problem of perception” is best characterized as:

❌ a. attending to stimuli non-consciously
❌ b. why humans can see and others cannot
✅ c. making sense of a 3-D world from 2-D data

Explanation:
Our eyes receive 2-D images, but the brain constructs a 3-D interpretation.

Question 2

Why do two identical squares appear different colors?

❌ a. distance compensation
❌ b. rapid color change failure
❌ c. fast movement adjustment
✅ d. none of the above

Explanation:
The illusion is due to context and shading assumptions, not the listed reasons.

Question 3

Not a perceptual grouping rule:

❌ a. similarity
❌ b. closure
✅ c. ambiguity
❌ d. proximity

Question 4

Not used as a depth cue:

❌ a. size
✅ b. priming
❌ c. interposition
❌ d. distance

Question 5

Why do Muller-Lyer lines look different in length?

✅ a. because of depth cues
❌ b. Gestalt principles
❌ c. top-down shadow perception

Question 6

Stroop task: slower to identify “Blue” in blue ink?

❌ a. true
✅ b. false

Explanation:
People are slower when the word meaning conflicts with ink color (e.g., “Blue” in red).

Question 7

Knowing how to ride a bicycle is:

❌ a. procedural memory
❌ b. implicit memory
❌ c. long-term memory
✅ d. all of the above

Question 8

Essay questions are harder because:

❌ a. more cues
✅ b. recall is required rather than recognition
❌ c. more maintenance rehearsal

Question 9

Average short-term memory capacity:

❌ a. 7 digits
✅ b. 7 chunks
❌ c. 11 digits
❌ d. 11 chunks

Question 10

Capacity of long-term memory:

❌ a. ~7 items
❌ b. 10,000–15,000 items
❌ c. 100,000 items
✅ d. the capacity limit is unknown

Question 11

Least effective encoding strategy:

❌ a. relating to prior knowledge
✅ b. mentally repeating new information
❌ c. mnemonics

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